The third and last method of the Multivariate Analysis submenu is the multiple correspondence analysis. This analysis can take both nominal and ordinal categorical variables as active variables. The data used here is the gmo data set provided with the MEDA module.

The interface

The overall structure of the MCA GUI is the same as the other two Multivariate Analysis methods in MEDA.

Variables selection

The selection of the variables in the MCA is the same as the PCA which means that you have the individual labels, the active variables and the supplementary variables. The only difference is that the active variables in the MCA are qualitative and not quantitative like in the PCA.

The ventilation level

The Ventilation level option let you fix the proportion under which a category will be ventilated. In other terms, it let you choose the threshold under which a category will be randomly assigned to another category. This option prevent rare categories to impact strongly the analysis.

Graphic options

The Graphic options allow you to choose which dimensions to plot. It also let you choose whether to plot either or both active and supplementary categories as well as to plot the correlation circle for the quantitative supplementary variables. Finally, the option Selection of categories highlight a set number of categories based on a criterion. In the figure above, the option is set to “cos2 10” so that the 10 categories with the largest sum of square cosine on the plotted dimensions are highlighted on the graph. However, the square cosine is not the only criterion you can use. The other criteria are:

  • “coord x”: highlight the x categories with the largest sums of the square coordinates on the 2 dimensions

  • “contrib x”: highlight the x categories with the biggest contributions on the 2 dimensions

  • “dist x”: highlight the x categories with the highest distances to the center of gravity



Numerical indicators

Since this part of the interface is identical in the PCA and CA GUIs and given that it has already been covered in the PCA guide, we recommend that you read the explanation there.

Potential issue(s)

Incorrect number of factors

The Number of factors option must be less than or equal to the number of active variables selected. Otherwise, the analysis will produce an error.

Example

For this example, we use the gmo data set. We put the 10 first variables in the Active Variables (>1) field and set the rest as categorical supplementary variables. Since the gmo data set doesn’t have any quantitative variable, we simulated two dummy variables and added them as supplementary quantitative variables. See the figure below for the settings:

Representation of the individuals



Representation of the variables



Representation of the categories



Representation of the quantitative supplementary variables



Eigenvalue table



Description of the axes



Individual tables



Variable tables